One of the main alkaloids of this plant is cytisine. Ī legume, this shrub can fix nitrogen in the soil through a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria. C. scoparius contains toxic alkaloids that depress the heart and nervous system. The seeds, seedlings, and young shoots are sensitive to frost adult plants are hardier, and branches affected by freezing temperatures regenerate quickly. It also adapts to windy oceanic climates. This species is adapted to Mediterranean and coastal climates, and its range is limited by cold winter temperatures. In late summer, its legumes ( seed pods) mature black, 2–3 cm ( 3⁄ 4– 1 + 1⁄ 4 in) long, 8 mm ( 3⁄ 8 in) broad and 2–3 mm thick they burst open, often with an audible crack, forcibly throwing seed from the parent plant. The seed pods have long hairs only along their seams. Flowering occurs after 50–80 growing degree days. The shrubs have green shoots with small deciduous trifoliate leaves 5–15 millimetres ( 1⁄ 4– 5⁄ 8 in) long, and in spring and summer are covered in profuse golden yellow flowers 20–30 mm ( 3⁄ 4– 1 + 1⁄ 8 in) from top to bottom and 15–20 mm wide. scoparius typically grow to 1–3 metres ( 3 + 1⁄ 2–10 feet) tall, rarely to 4 m (13 ft), with main stems up to 5 centimetres (2 inches) thick, rarely 10 cm (4 in). scoparius from Köhler's Medicinal Plants (1887) In other English-speaking countries, the most common name is "Scotch broom" (or Scots broom) however, it is known as English broom in Australia. In Britain and Ireland, the standard name is broom this name is also used for other members of the Genisteae tribe, such as French broom or Spanish broom and the term common broom is sometimes used for clarification. Sarothamnus scoparius), the common broom or Scotch broom, is a deciduous leguminous shrub native to western and central Europe.
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